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71.
2015年8月12日发生在天津滨海新区的化学品爆炸事故造成了严重的人员伤亡和财产损失。 基于区域地震台网记录的数字化连续地震波形资料, 对爆炸发生过程的精细分析是深入调查爆炸事故发生原因、 快速估计事故所造成灾害与损失的重要手段之一。 本文首先利用震相到时和质点运动轨迹信息对记录波形中能量较强的震相性质进行分析, 再通过模板匹配算法检测爆炸过程中是否存在两次大爆炸以外的小爆炸事件, 并对检测方法的效能进行检验, 最后依据波形互相关得到的震相到时差估计两次较大爆炸的相对位置。 计算结果显示区域台网记录波形中能量最大的体波震相可能为沿沉积层顶部传播的Pg震相, 垂直向能量最强的面波震相为Rg震相, 而能量较弱的初至震相可能为结晶基底首波; 爆炸过程中除了两次能量较大的爆炸以外还能检测到两次较小的爆炸事件, 其当量相当于约ML0.5的地震; 基于两次大爆炸Pg震相相对到时信息得到第二次大爆炸发生在第一次大爆炸的北西侧, 两次爆炸位置距离约50~55 m。 本文研究结果为爆炸事故的调查分析提供了地震学依据。 相似文献
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为了解决拍岸区水雷探测的问题,以无人机为载体的条纹管成像蓝绿激光雷达可以用来扫描、识别水雷,蓝绿激光成像雷达白天和夜晚均可以稳定成像,机载探测方式相对于水下、水面等传统探测方式效率也可以提高,机载激光雷达可由小型船舶、小型汽车等多平台携带使用。 相似文献
74.
White dwarfs are the evolutionary endpoint of the low-and-medium mass stars. In the studies of white dwarfs, the mass of white dwarf is an important physical parameter. In this paper, we give an analysis about the velocity distribution of DA white dwarfs in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), and hope to find the relation between mass and velocity distribution of white dwarfs. We get the radial velocity and tangential velocity of every DA white dwarf according to their proper motion and spectral shift. Through analyzing the velocity distribution of DA white dwarfs, we find that the small-mass white dwarfs, which are produced from the single-star evolution channel, have a relatively large velocity dispersion. 相似文献
75.
The nature of the L chondrite parent body's disruption as deduced from high-pressure phases in the Sixiangkou L6 chondrite 下载免费PDF全文
The disruption of the L chondrite parent body (LCPB) at ~470 Ma is currently the best-documented catastrophic celestial impact event, based on the large number of L chondritic materials associated with this event. Uranium-lead (U-Pb) dating of apatite and its high-pressure decomposition product, tuite, in the Sixiangkou L6 chondrite provides a temporal link to this event. The U-Pb system of phosphates adjacent to shock melt veins was altered to varying degrees and the discordance of the U-Pb system correlates closely with the extent of apatite decomposition. This suggests that the U-Pb system of apatite could be substantially disturbed by high-temperature pulse during shock compression from natural impacts, at least on the scale of mineral grains. Although many L chondrites can be temporally related to the catastrophic LCPB impact event, the shock conditions experienced by each individual meteorite vary. This could be due to the different geologic settings of these meteorites on their parent body. The shock pressure and duration derived from most meteorites may only reflect local shock features rather than the impact conditions, although they could provide lower limits to the impact conditions. The Sixiangkou shock duration (~4 s), estimated from high-pressure transformation kinetics, provides a lower limit to the high-pressure pulse of the LCPB disruption impact. Combined with available literature data of L chondrites associated with this impact event, our results suggest that the LCPB suffered a catastrophic collision with a large projectile (with a diameter of at least 18–22 km) at a low impact velocity (5–6 km s−1). This is consistent with astronomical estimates based on the dynamical evolution of L chondritic asteroids. 相似文献
76.
Analytical study of ground motion caused by seismic wave propagation across faulted rock masses 下载免费PDF全文
Studying seismic wave propagation across rock masses and the induced ground motion is an important topic, which receives considerable attention in design and construction of underground cavern/tunnel constructions and mining activities. The current study investigates wave propagation across a rock mass with one fault and the induced ground motion using a recursive approach. The rocks beside the fault are assumed as viscoelastic media with seismic quality factors, Qp and Qs. Two kinds of interactions between stress waves and a discontinuity and between stress waves and a free surface are analyzed, respectively. As the result of the wave superposition, the mathematical expressions for induced ground vibration are deduced. The proposed approach is then compared with the existing analysis for special cases. Finally, parametric studies are carried out, which includes the influences of fault stiffness, incident angle, and frequency of incident waves on the peak particle velocities of the ground motions. 相似文献
77.
Zun-Lei Xu Kai-Kai Duan Zhao-Qiang Shen Shi-Jun Lei Tie-Kuang Dong Fabio Gargano Simone Garrappa Dong-Ya Guo Wei Jiang Xiang Li Yun-Feng Liang Mario Nicola Mazziotta Maria Fernanda Munoz Salinas Meng Su Valerio Vagelli Qiang Yuan Chuan Yue Jing-Jing Zang Ya-Peng Zhang Yun-Long Zhang Stephan Zimmer 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2018,(3)
The DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE),also known as Wukong in China,which was launched on 2015 December 17,is a new high energy cosmic ray and γ-ray satellite-borne observatory.One of the main scientific goals of DAMPE is to observe Ge V-Te V high energy γ-rays with accurate energy,angular and time resolution,to indirectly search for dark matter particles and for the study of high energy astrophysics. Due to the comparatively higher fluxes of charged cosmic rays with respect to γ-rays,it is challenging to identify γ-rays with sufficiently high efficiency,minimizing the amount of charged cosmic ray contamination. In this work we present a method to identify γ-rays in DAMPE data based on Monte Carlo simulations,using the powerful electromagnetic/hadronic shower discrimination provided by the calorimeter and the veto detection of charged particles provided by the plastic scintillation detector. Monte Carlo simulations show that after this selection the number of electrons and protons that contaminate the selected γ-ray events at~10 Ge V amounts to less than 1% of the selected sample.Finally,we use flight data to verify the effectiveness of the method by highlighting known γ-ray sources in the sky and by reconstructing preliminary light curves of the Geminga pulsar. 相似文献
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运用粒度参数分析、黏土矿物含量分析、Flemming三角图示法和Gao-Collins二维的"粒度趋势分析"等方法,对采自莱州湾海域的表层沉积物样品和黏土矿物样品进行分析,了解了该研究区域的沉积环境及沉积物的运移趋势。研究区由岸向海沉积物类型大致依次为砂-粉砂质砂-砂质粉砂-粉砂-黏土质粉砂,并且研究区表层沉积物在近岸区域呈现较为明显的平行岸线的条带状特征;同时沉积物的平均粒径、分选系数、偏态、峰态等粒度参数也呈现出良好的正相关性或负相关性;研究区黏土矿物为伊利石、蒙脱石、绿泥石、高岭石,除伊利石分布大致为黄河三角洲近岸低,向研究区东北方向逐渐升高外,其余的黏土矿物都表现出了近岸高,远海低的分布特征,且主要物源为黄河物质输入。Flemming三角图研究区所有采样点大部分分布在Ⅱ区,少部分分布在Ⅲ区,说明研究区整体水动力较强;采样点在A—E区均有分布,但在C、D两区分布最多,说明研究区沉积物粒径较集中。研究区表层沉积物整体呈由岸向海输运的趋势,具体来看,黄河沉积物入海后向北、向东、向南运移,研究区内沉积物的来源是黄河输沙以及周围入海的小河流的输沙和沿岸冲刷的物质。 相似文献